If you own or manage electrical equipment in the UK, you’ve probably heard of PAT testing. But when it comes to the legal side, things aren’t always clear. Do you have to do it? Is it a legal requirement? And how does it fit into health and safety law?
Here’s what you need to know about PAT testing and UK law.
Is PAT Testing a Legal Requirement?
Strictly speaking, there is no specific law that says:
“You must carry out PAT testing.”
However, UK legislation does require that all electrical equipment is maintained in a safe condition. PAT testing is the most recognised and reliable way to meet that requirement.
In other words, PAT testing itself isn’t mandatory—but safe electrical equipment is.
Key UK Laws Relating to PAT Testing
Several laws set out the responsibility for electrical safety:
1. Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
- Requires that electrical systems are constructed and maintained to prevent danger.
- Applies to employers, employees, and the self-employed.
- PAT testing provides evidence of compliance.
2. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
- Places a duty on employers to ensure the health and safety of employees and the public.
- Faulty electrical appliances can cause serious harm, making regular checks essential.
3. Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER)
- States that equipment provided for use at work must be suitable, safe, and maintained.
- PAT testing helps demonstrate that portable electrical equipment meets this standard.
4. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
- Requires risk assessments to be carried out.
- PAT testing can form part of an organisation’s risk management strategy.
Who Needs to Comply?
- Employers – responsible for employee and visitor safety.
- Landlords & Letting Agents – duty to provide safe electrical appliances in rented properties.
- Self-Employed & Contractors – responsible for the safety of equipment they use on client sites.
- Schools, Hospitals, and Public Venues – need to protect large numbers of people using their facilities.
Why PAT Testing Is the Best Practice
While the law doesn’t demand PAT testing by name, it’s widely regarded as best practice because:
- It provides clear evidence of compliance.
- It reduces the risk of electrical accidents and fires.
- It protects businesses, landlords, and individuals from liability.
- It reassures insurers, clients, and regulatory bodies.
Final Thoughts
So, where does that leave us?
- PAT testing is not a legal requirement in itself.
- But UK law requires you to keep electrical equipment safe.
- PAT testing is the most practical and recognised way to prove you’re meeting that obligation.
For businesses, landlords, and contractors, PAT testing isn’t just about ticking a box—it’s about staying compliant, avoiding legal trouble, and keeping people safe.